Qt Serial Port Rs485

| 20-04-2021
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Port

Shows how to use the synchronous API of QSerialPort in a non-GUI thread.

Blocking Slave shows how to create an application for a serial interface using QSerialPort's synchronous API in a non-GUI thread. QSerialPort supports two general programming approaches. The asynchronous (non-blocking) approach. Operations are scheduled and performed when the control returns to Qt. Qt Serial Port provides the basic functionality, which includes configuring, I/O operations, getting and setting the control signals of the RS-232 pinouts. The following items are not supported by this module: Terminal features, such as echo, control CR/LF, and so on. Configuring timeouts and delays while reading or writing. I have two objects of the class Foo in my main class MainWindow, which use a serial connection between two FTDI breakout boards to read and write serial data.I've checked this setup via a terminal and it works. In my main class, I'm trying to send a QByteArray from FooA to FooB, but received is empty when executing testConnection.I've checked the serial connection with an additional FTDI.

Blocking Slave shows how to create an application for a serial interface using QSerialPort's synchronous API in a non-GUI thread.

QSerialPort supports two general programming approaches:

  • The asynchronous (non-blocking) approach. Operations are scheduled and performed when the control returns to Qt's event loop. QSerialPort emits a signal when the operation is finished. For example, QSerialPort::write() returns immediately. When the data is sent to the serial port, QSerialPort emits bytesWritten().
  • The synchronous (blocking) approach. In non-GUI and multithreaded applications, the waitFor..() functions can be called (i.e. QSerialPort::waitForReadyRead()) to suspend the calling thread until the operation has completed.

In this example, the synchronous approach is demonstrated. The Terminal example illustrates the asynchronous approach.

The purpose of this example is to demonstrate a pattern that you can use to simplify your serial programming code, without losing responsiveness in your user interface. Use of Qt's blocking serial programming API often leads to simpler code, but because of its blocking behavior, it should only be used in non-GUI threads to prevent the user interface from freezing. But contrary to what many think, using threads with QThread does not necessarily add unmanageable complexity to your application.

This application is a Slave, that demonstrate the work paired with Master application Blocking Master Example.

The Slave application is receives the request via serial port from the Master application and send a response to it.

We will start with the SlaveThread class, which handles the serial programming code.

SlaveThread is a QThread subclass that provides an API for receive requests from Master, and it has signals for delivering responses and reporting errors.

You should be call startSlave() to startup Slave application. This method transfers to the SlaveThread desired parameters for configure and startup the serial interface. When SlaveThread received from Master any request then emitted the request() signal. If any error occurs, the error() or timeout() signals is emitted.

It's important to notice that startSlave() is called from the main, GUI thread, but the response data and other parameters will be accessed from SlaveThread's thread. SlaveThread's data members are read and written from different threads concurrently, so it is advisable to use QMutex to synchronize access.

The startSlave() function stores the serial port name, timeout and response data, and QMutexLocker locks the mutex to protect these data. We then start the thread, unless it is already running. QWaitCondition::wakeOne() will be discussed later.

In the run() function, start by acquiring the mutex lock, fetch the serial port name, timeout and response data from the member data, and then release the lock again. Under no circumstance should the method startSlave() be called simultaneously with a process fetching these data. QString is reentrant but not thread-safe, and it is not recommended to read the serial port name from one startup, call and timeout or response data of another. SlaveThread can only handle one startup at a time.

The QSerialPort object we construct on stack into run() function before loop enter:

This allows us once to create an object, while running loop, and also means that all the methods of the object will be executed in the context of the run() thread.

In the loop, check whether the name of the serial port for the current startup has changed or not. If it has, re-open and reconfigure the serial port.

The loop will continue waiting for request data:

Warning: The method waitForReadyRead() should be used before each read() call for the blocking approach, because it processes all the I/O routines instead of Qt event-loop.

The timeout() signal is emitted if error occurs when reading data.

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After a successful read, try to send a response and wait for completion of the transfer:

Warning: The method waitForBytesWritten() should be used after each write() call for the blocking approach, because it processes all the I/O routines instead of Qt event-loop.

The timeout() signal is emitted if an error occurs when writing data.

After a successful writing is emitted, request() signal containing the data received from the Master application:

Next, the thread switches to reading the current parameters for the serial interface, because they can already have been updated, and run the loop from the beginning.

Rs485 Pinout

Running the Example

Rs485 Serial Connection

To run the example from Qt Creator, open the Welcome mode and select the example from Examples. For more information, visit Building and Running an Example.

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Rs485 Serial Pinout

See also Terminal Example and Blocking Master Example.

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Rs485 Cable

  • Customizable firmware based on project requirements
  • Continuous monitoring of pulse inputs and maintaining counters. Ideal for pulse based flow meter with forward and reverse flow pulses)
  • Continuous monitoring of analog inputs. Ideal for flow meter with 4-20mA or voltage outputs for flow rates.
  • Poll MODBUS RTU clients and decode data.
  • Server Communication using protocols like HTTP,MQTT or FTP
  • Communication of data to server based on specific events or on configured intervals
  • Storing and forwarding of data in case of communication failures
  • Programmable automation of DO operations by giving simple conditions for time, week day, DI status etc…
  • Operation of Digital output via SMS commands or commands from server
  • Generation of events on change of DI or DO and generation alerts to Server or SMS alerts to configured group of numbers.
  • Facility to store mobile numbers in different groups for authorization and SMS alerts
  • Configuration of parameters via serial port or remotely by SMS or from the Server
  • Facility to go on low power mode when there is no communication and automatic wakeup on incoming communication, serial events or DI events.
  • Watchdog timer
  • Over the air updation of firmware